Windmill.



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PATENTED MAR'..24 J. J. MIDDLESWUETH.`

WINDMILL.

APPLIoATIoN FILED rnb. 11, 1902.

Noi 723,293.` vPATENTED MAR..241,19'03., J. J. MIDDLESWORTH.

WINBMILL.,

, APPLIUATION FIL-ED FEB. l1, 1902. H0 MODEL.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT Orricn..`

JOHN J. MIDDLESWORTH, OF DUFFIELD, MICHIGAN.

WINDMILL.

SPEGlFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 723,293, dated March- 24, 1903. Application filed February 11, 1902. Serial No. 93,543. (No model-l fo al?, whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN J. MIDDLES-` WORTH, a` citizen of the United States, residing at Dufiield, in the county of Genesee and Stateof Michigan,- have 4invented new and useful Improvements in Windmills, of which the following is a specification.

Myinvention relates to improvements in windmills, and that class known as horizontal windmills having fealhering-blades.

The object of my invention is to provide a windmill in which two blades are mounted upon an oscillating shaft, and the force ofthe wind upon one blade will feather the blade carried by the'opposite end of the shaft as it is coming up into the wind.

Another object of Amy invention is to provide a means for throwing two of the oppositely-arrangedblades in a vertical position transverse the shaft upon which they are mounted, whereby said blades act as vanes for holding the mill up into the wind and one away.

blade counterbalances the other.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a cheap,.simple, and effective wind# mill of the character hereinafter fully described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figu rel is a side view of my j indmill inoperative position,-partly in sectionlf Fig. 2 is a top plan View partly in section and showing the mill in operative position; Fig. 3'is an enlarged topplan view, partly in section, showingthe blades thrown in a vertical position to act as vanes to hold the mill up into the wind. Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the powershaft,`showing the connection with the friction -brake Fig. 5 is an enlarged top plan view of the friction-brake, partly broken of the shaft L, showing the sleeve and pin carried thereby. Fig. 7 is an enlarged View of the connection of the blades with the shaft, showing the stop forrlimiting the movement of said blades.

Referring now to the drawings, A represents the vertically supporting base or frame, which may be of metal or wood and any desired form, as this forms no part of my invention. Mounted upon the upper portion of said frame vis a cap B, having an upwardly'- number of blades.

pertains more; particularly -tof Fig..6 is a longitudinal sectional view extending bearing b, which is provided with the vertical opening b. Rotatablymounted extending arms C', although any desired number of arms may be used according to the 'lhe said bearing-ring C has extending therethrough and rigidly secured thereto a hollow shaft D, which ex- =tends downward through the opening b' in the cap B and extends down near the bottom of the frame A and which carries a beveled gear d. The frame A is provided with a transverse brace o, having a shaft E rotatably mounted thereon, one end of said shaft carrying a beveled gear F, meshing with the beveled gear d, and the opposite end carrying a diskf, which has a wrist-pinf, by means of which the pump is driven.

The arms C ofthe ring C have at their outer ends upwardly-extendingflongitudinally-adjustable journals c, which are adapted toreceive the shaft G, and said shaft is provided with a crank G', which extends around the upwardly-extending portion D of the shaft D, thus allowing the shaft G to oscillare.` The crank G is provided with a rubber packing Gentirely surrounding it,for the purpose of reducing the jar and noise as the said crank engages the shaft G. The

outer ends of the shaft G are provided with blades H and H', which are ,rigidly secured thereto with a larger portion below the shaft 'and at right anglesto each other. Itwill be readily seen that the normal position of the blades is as shown in Fig. l; but as the wind engages the blade l-I it faces itin a vertical `position until the crank G engages the upfper portion D' of the shaft G and limit-s its movement. At this point the blade H' is in practically a horizontal position and is cutting the wind. as it travels forward. The

other radially-extending arms have at their outer ends the horizontally-adjustable up- Wardly-extending journals h-aiid h', which extend above the journals "c, seas to allow the shaft I to pass the shaft G. The said shaft I is also allowedto oscillate within said journals and is provided with a crank I opposite the upwardly-extending portion G of the shaft G. The outer ends of said shaft are provided with reduced portions lf, which TOO . blades K and K.

are adapted to receive a transversebar j, which is adapted to be firmly clamped thereon by nuts j', the outer end of said bar being provided with reduced portions The blades K and K are provided with outwardlyextending ears 7c, which are provided with openings k, which are adapted to receive the reduced portionsj2 of the barj, by means of which the blades are adapted to be swung at right angles to the shaft G, as hereinafter morefullydescribed. The normal positionsof the said blades are as shown in Fig. l, resting against the shaft I, and also being mounted on said shaft with a larger portion therebelow and at right angles to each other. The blade K is adapted to be swung in a vertical position by the force of the wind until the crank I engages the shaft and the blade K is brought into a horizontal position, cutting the wind as it travels forward. When the blade has been carried around so that the wind engages its edge, it drops in an inclined position and the arms are caused to continue to travel by the blade II until the blade K is engaged by the wind and thrown down in a vertical position and the blade K, carried by the opposite end of the shaft, is brought in a horizontal position, and so the operation continues.

The shaft I, adjacent the crank l, is provided with an elongated square portion L, and surrounding said square portion is alongitudinally-slidable elongated sleeve L, which has on its upper surface, near one edge, a rack-bar l, extending the entire length thereof. The said sleeve is also provided with a longitudinally-extending recess or groove l', and mounted in said square portion L is a pin M, which extends out through said groove and is adapted to allow the sleeve to move upon the shaft I. Rotatably mounted upon said pin is a disk N, having about threefourths of its circumference provided with teeth adapted to mesh with the rack-bar Z, and rigidly secured to the upper face of said pinion is a transverse bar n, which has secured to the outer ends thereof wrist-pins n. Pivoted to said wrist-pins are outwardly-extending arms or pitmen O and O', extending parallel with the shaft I and out toward the The upperv ears la, carried by the blades K, are provided with outwardlyextending arms 7a2, to which the pitmen O and O are secured. The said blades being pivotally mounted upon the bar j, it will be readily seen that as the sleeve L is slid upon the shaft I it will throw the blade out transverse the shaft, as shown in'dotted lines, Fig. 2, and in this position the said blades will serve as vanes, and there being two of said Ibla-des thrown in said position-one on each side of the wheel-they will counterbalance each other and will hold the wheel up into the wind. To prevent the blades K and K from being drawn too far around, I provide the bars j with outwardly-curved arms jg, which are adapted to engage the blade.

The upperend of the sh'aftD is screw-threaded, and pivotally mounted on said threaded portion is an arm P, which has its outer end bifurcated at p, and pivoted within said bifurcated portion is a lever Q, which has its upper end connected to the rod R, which is longitudinally movable within the shaft D. The oppositeend of the lever Q is bifurcated at Q, and said bifureated portion is adapted to straddle the longitudinally-movable sleeve L. The outer end of said sleeve L carries a reduced portion L, which carries a ring L3, rotatably mounted thereon, and carried by said ring on opposite sides are outwardly-extending pins L4, which are adapted to enter the ends of the bifurcated portion, whereby the shaft I andl the sleeve L are adapted to oscillate and the sleeve held in the desired position. The lower end of the shaft D is provided with a vertical opening S, just above the horizontal brace d, and loosely mounted upon said shaft, around the opening, is a collar'I, having a groove 't in its outer periphery.

The brace ct carries an upwardlyextended bifurcated plate U, and secured to one of said prongs is a flexible band V, which passes around the collar 'l within thegroove t and through an opening 'Lt in the opposite prong. The outer end of said band has ascrew-threaded portion o and a clamping-nut fu thereon, whereby the band is clamped around the disk or collar S. The vertically-movable rod R within the shaft D has adjacent thev opening S an outwardly-spring-pressed catch W, so that when the said rod Ris forced upward the catch is forced through the opening S and seats itself in a notch t2 in the collar T, whereby the collar is caused to rotate with the shaft D. By tightening the nut o' the band is tightened on the collar, and when the rod is raised to throw the blades in the vertical. position to stop the mill the catch engages the notch in the collar and carries the collar with it, thus preventing the mill from turning several times when the wind changes suddenly.

The operation of my mill is as follows: The blades are in the position shown in Fig. 1, and, as before described, as the blade on one end of the shaft is forced down by the wind the arrangement of the blades on the shaft is Asuch that the blades carried by the opposite end of the shaft is thrown in a horizontal position, cutting the wind. The rod R extends down through the hollow shaft and is adapted to be forced up or down, and by forcing it up when the mill is in operationit will throw the IOO IOS

lever inward, and said lever being connected to the sleeve L it will slide said sleeve on the shaft, and said sleeve having a rack-bar meshing with the pinion will oscillate the pinion, and the pitmen being connected to said pinion on opposite sides will throw them outwardly. The said pitmen being also connected to the blades K and K', they will throw said blades in a vertical position transverse the shaft, thus acting as vanes to stop the mill, and when it is desired to start the mill supporting-frain`e,of a rotatable frame mount-` the rod R is'drawn downward, which throws positions the blades K and K in their normal and the mill will start again.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- Y l. In a windmill, the combination with a ed thereon, transverse oscillating shafts mounted on said frame, blades carried by said shaftsin pairs, and means for throwing one pair of blades in a vertical position transverse carried by the shafts in pairs and means for frame, a hubrotatably mounted thereon, ra-` throwing one pair of blades in a vertical position transverse the shaft, substantially as described.

. 3. A Windmill comprising a supportingdially-extending arms carried by the hub, oscillating shafts mounted on said arms, blades mounted on said shafts at right angles to eachV other, meanscarried by one of said shafts for i throwing the blades carried by the outer ends thereof in a vertical position transverse the ushaft, substantially as described.

4. A windmill comprising a supportingframe, a hub rotatably mounted thereon, ra-

`dially-extending arms carried by the hub, os-

cillating shafts mounted onsaid arms, blades carried by the outer ends of said shafts in pairs, one pairof blades being pivotally mounted on the ends of said shafts, and

means for swinging said blades in a vertical position -transverse the shaft, substantially as described. .i 5.V A windmill comprising a supportingfrarne, a hub rotatably mounted thereon, radially-extending arms carried by said hub, oscillating shafts mounted upon said arms and extending across the hub, the ends of said V'shafts having transverse bars rigidly connected thereto, blades pivotally mounted on said transverse bars, means for swinging the said blades in a vertical position transverse the shaft, and means for holding the blades in said vertical position, substantially as described.

6. A windmill comprising a supportingframe, a hub rotatably mounted thereon, radially-extending arms carried by said hub, oscillating shafts mounted on said arms, and

extending across said hubs, blades rigidly secured to the ends of one of said shafts at rightangles toeach other, transverse bars rigidly secured to the ends of the other shaft, blades pivotally mounted on said bars, a slidable member carried by the said shaft, and a connection between said slidable mem ber and the said pivoted blades, and means for sliding said member, substantially as described.

7. A windmill comprising a supportingframe,a rotatableV frame mounted thereon,

rods connected to the vertically-swinging blades and opposite sides of the pinion, and Vmeans for sliding said sleeve, substantially as described.

8. A windmill comprising a supportingframe, a rotatable frame, mounted vthereon, a

downwardly-extending hollow shaft carried by said rotatable frame, oscillating shafts carried by the rotatable frame, blades carried by saidshafts in pairs, means for throwing one pair of blades in a vertical position transverse the shaft and a rod extending upthrough `said hollow shaft for operating said means,

substantially as described.

9. A windmill comprising a supportingframe, a rotatable frame mounted thereon, a hollow shaft passing through said rotatable frame and secured thereto, oscillating shafts carried by the rotatable frame, blades carried by said shafts in pairs, means for throwing one pairof blades in a vertical position transverse the shaft, an intermediately-pivoted lever having one end connected to said means, and a vertical] v` movable rod passing through said hollow shaft and having its upper end connected to the other end of t-he intermediately pivoted lever, substantially as described.

10. A windmill comprising a supportingframe, a rotatable frame mounted thereon, a vertically arranged shaft passing through said rotatable frame and secured thereto, oscillating shafts extending across said rotatable frame, cranks carried by said shafts opposite the vertical shaft and adapted to engage it and limit the oscillation of said shafts, blades carried by the ends of said shafts and means for throwing the blades carried by one of said shafts in a vertical position, transverse the shafts, substantially as described.

l1. A windmill comprising a supportingframe, a rotatable frame mounted thereon, a vertically arranged shaft passing through said rotatable frame and secured thereto, oscillating shafts extending across said rotatable frame, cranks carried by said shafts opposite the vertical shaft, and adapted to engage it and limit the oscillation of said shafts, blades carried by the ends of said oscillating shafts, a sliding member carried by one of' said oscillating shafts, rods connecting `said slidable member and the blades carried by said shaft, and means for sliding said. shaft, whereby thebladcs are thrown in a vertical position transverse the shaft, substantially as described.

12. A windmill comprising a supportingframe, a rotatable frame mounted thereon,

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4ing said collar, means for tightening said band, a vertically movable rod extending through the shaft and adapted to throw the mill in or out of the wind, and aspring-catch carried by the rod adapted to enter the notch in the collar when the rod is forced up to stop the mill, substantially as described.

13. In a windmill, the combination with oscillating blades arranged in pairs, blades adapted to oscillate between a vertical and horizontal position, means for oscillating one pair of said blades at right angles to the first oscillating movement, and means for holding the same at right angles to the first oscillating movement, substantially as described.

14. In a windmill, the combination with a su pporting-frame,of a rotatable frame mounted thereon, transverse oscillating shafts mounted on said frame, blades carried by said shafts in pairs, means for throwing one pair of blades in a Vertical position transverse the shaft and means for holding the blades in said position, substantially as described.

l5. In a windmill, the combination with a supporting-frame,0f a rotatable frame mounted thereon, oscillating shafts mounted on said frame, blades carried by the shafts and normally parallel therewith, and means for oscillating one pair of said blades to a position at right angles to the shaft, substantially as described.

16. In a windmill, the combination with a supporting-frame,of a rotatable frame mounted thereon, oscillating shafts mounted on said frame, blades carried by the shafts and normally parallel therewith, means for oscillating one pair of said blades to a position at right angles to the shaft, and means for holding the blades in said position, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN J. MIDDLESWORTH.

Witnesses:

J. L. VAN ALsTIEN, J. D. LELAND. 

